Leadership is More than a Title — It is a Calling

04/09/2025

By Lt. General (Retired) David Deptula

Leadership is more than a title — it is a calling. Few have answered that call with the depth of dedication, intellect, and vision that Michael Wynne demonstrated as the 21st Secretary of the United States Air Force.

Wynne led with an unwavering commitment to innovation, modernization, and the men and women in uniform who keep our nation safe. His tenure was marked by transformative efforts to ensure the Air Force remained at the forefront of global security, from advocating for advanced air, space and cyber capabilities to emphasizing the integration of cutting-edge technologies into military operations.

Over the years in one capacity or another I have worked for or with every secretary of the Air Force since being a member of Secretary Don Rice’s policy group in 1989. Mike Wynne was a standout.

During his final days in office, faced with all the challenges and concerns of being relieved, and in the face of potential negative personal consequences I remember being called by Secretary Wynne’s and he asking me if I would be willing to engage on a particular topical issue of importance and follow through with it.

His focus at that time was not himself—it was on what was in the best interest of the nation’s defense. This is just one example of many others that Robbin Laird reveals in this book that does a great service to history by yielding insights into the impact of Air Force Secretary Mike Wynne.

I had the good fortune to first get to know Secretary Wynne while serving as the first three-star general leading the Air Force’s enterprise consolidating intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR). In that role I worked hard to get the Department of Defense to expand their understanding that fifth generation aircraft like the F-22 and F-35 were more than simply weapon platforms—they are advanced sensors that could employ lethal or non-lethal effects in a timely and optimal fashion because of their sensor capabilities. Secretary Wynne championed this perspective.

He encouraged innovation, he fought for what was needed to achieve effective deterrence for America and fight to win if necessary. He foresaw what Secretary of Defense Bob Gates did not— a future where China became a peer adversary.

Accordingly, Secretary Wynne advocated for advanced bombers, fifth generation fighters, and laid the groundwork for dedicated cyber operations as powerful tools in the Air Force’s arsenal of capabilities to achieve desired effects. He applied airpower solutions to the exigencies of the time — the counterinsurgencies in Iraq and Afghanistan — embracing increased application of remotely piloted aircraft.

Chief of Staff T. Michael “Buzz” Moseley was a “hand-in-glove” partner with Secretary Wynne as they saw eye-to-eye on the crucial issues facing the nation and the Air Force. Indeed, this may be why they were both sacked by Gates simultaneously.

In doing this Secretary Gates’ action negatively changed the character of the Air Force — and to a degree —the entire United States military.

Specifically, the message sent to every member of the armed forces by firing Secretary Wynne and Chief Moseley was, “you better not speak truth to power, because if you do—and ‘power’ does not like it—your service (and career) will be terminated.”

This outcome has shaped a generation of uniformed leadership whose over-arching motivation became, “going along to get along,” avoiding confrontation, and embracing a distorted and improper belief of jointness that is based on consensus, congeniality, and a notion of using every force, every place, all the time, instead of using the right force at the right place at the right time.

I was fortunate to be at his retirement ceremony at the base of the Air Force Memorial on Jun 20, 2008, when with class, style, and great distinction, Mike Wynne spoke truth to the power who removed him, Defense Secretary Bob Gates.

But Wynne’s contributions to national defense and aerospace leadership stretch far beyond his years as Secretary. A graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point, he brought a distinguished blend of military service, business acumen, and strategic foresight to every role he undertook. Whether as an officer in the U.S. Army, a defense industry executive, or a senior leader in the Department of Defense, his vision was always centered on strengthening American air and space power.

Robbin Laird’s biography of Secretary Wynne offers an in-depth look at the man behind the mission. It explores the challenges he faced, and the impact he made — not just on policy and technology, but on the lives of those he served alongside. Through his story, readers will gain insight into the complexities of modern defense leadership and the enduring importance of innovation and perseverance in the ever-evolving landscape of national security.

Mike Wynne’s legacy is one of service, determination, and transformation. His journey is one that inspires, educates, and reminds us that true leadership is about preparing for the future while building on the past.

Lt General David A. Deptula is a retired Air Force 3-star general. He is Dean of the Mitchell Institute for Aerospace Studies and a Senior Scholar at the U.S. Air Force Academy. One of the world’s foremost airpower experts, he is featured in the book, Airpower Pioneers: From Billy Mitchell to Dave Deptula. A fighter pilot with more than 3,000 flying hours–400 in combat–he served over 34 years in assignments including principal attack planner for the Desert Storm air campaign, commander of air operations over Iraq, Afghanistan, for the South Asia tsunami relief effort, and for Pacific Command. He has twice been a Combined/Joint Task Force Commander, served on two congressional commissions determining America’s future defense, and was the first Air Force chief of intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance.

Polish F-35 Lightning IIs Arrive on Ebbing Air National Guard Base

Two F-35 Lightning IIs arrived on Ebbing Air National Guard Base, Fort Smith, Arkansas as part of the Foreign Military Sales Mission on Dec. 23, 2024. The F-35s will be used to train Polish pilots and were welcomed to Ebbing by the 188th Fire Department giving them a “Water Salute”.

FORT SMITH, ARKANSAS

12.23.2024

Video by Airman 1st Class Miles Chrisman 

188th Wing

AFSOC Mission Statement

04/07/2025

Air Force Special Operations Command enables the joint force by delivering Special Operations Forces mobility, strike, air-to-ground capabilities, and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance across the spectrum of competition and conflict.

HURLBURT FIELD, FLORIDA, UNITED STATES

09.11.2024

Video by 94th Airlift Wing 

Air Force Special Operations Command

CMV-22B and Distributed Maritime Operations: A Key Enabler

04/03/2025

By CAPT (Ret) Christoper C. Misner, Senior Manager, Bell Strategic Pursuits

The U.S. National Defense Strategy prioritizes the Indo-Pacific as a critical theater for national security. Yet, the current U.S. Navy fleet would likely struggle to meet the logistical demands of the Joint Force across the vast maritime distances involved in prolonged combat operations within this area.

One reason is that the U.S. Department of Defense’s approved and funded procurement programs do not meet the demand for airborne logistics in maritime combat. This creates a significant gap in the Navy’s ability to support Distributed Maritime Operations (DMO) and Expeditionary Advanced Based Operations (EABO).

The Navy must ensure it has the logistics capability to support the growing number of deployed naval and air forces operating from sea and shore-based hubs. This will not only ensure the Navy meets immediate and long-term needs but also strengthen the U.S. defense industrial base.

The U.S. Navy has historically projected power through carrier strike groups, concentrating firepower on a few assets, typically including an aircraft carrier, destroyers, frigates, and submarines. While powerful, this offensive operation model enables adversaries to anticipate U.S. naval movements, limits sailors’ ability to respond to threats across long distances, and exposes fleets to anti-access/anti-denial (A2/D2) threats.

As a result, the U.S. Navy is shifting from large, centralized carrier strike groups to distributed maritime operations, which disperse naval units over a larger area to complicate enemy targeting. This shift requires not only advanced combat capabilities but also flexible logistics support.

The CMV-22B Osprey – a tiltrotor aircraft – is at the heart of this transformation in the Navy’s approach. The CMV-22B offers superior range, avionics, and communications compared to the C-2A, its predecessor.

Although it was initially conceived as a carrier-onboard-delivery (COD) replacement, the Osprey is not confined to large-deck carrier logistics. The CMV-22B can conduct long-range navigation and deliver logistical support across entire fleets, an advantage in distributed maritime environments where logistics needs span vast areas and diverse units.

Carrier strike group operations today can cover over 700 miles in 24 hours. The CMV-22B ensures logistics support matches this pace, crucial for distributed maritime operations in contested environments. The aircraft can rapidly transport personnel, munitions, medical supplies, and components to Expeditionary Advanced Bases, Forward Logistic Support Sites, and ships at sea.

The CMV-22B also allows the U.S. military to lead joint combat operations, integrating capabilities across service branches. It assists the convergence of the U.S. Navy’s distributed operations with the Air Force’s agile combat employment and the Marine Corps’ Expeditionary Advanced Base Operations (EABO). The aircraft’s speed, range, and versatility ensure the Navy operates effectively as part of a modular force comprising air and ground elements.

The Osprey – used by the Navy, Air Force Special Operations Command, and Marine Corps – has evolved over time to meet the needs of our warfighters. Looking ahead, the CMV-22B presents opportunities beyond its primary logistics role. The Navy could leverage its versatility to support the Carrier Strike Group with aerial refueling capability. Its enhanced secure, long-range communication could better support Naval Special Warfare (NSW) forces in combat search and rescue (CSAR) and other NSW missions. These and other improvements would expand its strategic value to the U.S. Navy fleet and Joint Force.

Furthermore, procuring the CMV-22B and investing in its readiness and modernization are not only necessary to meet operational needs, but also to sustain and strengthen the U.S. defense industrial base. Team Osprey, a consortium of over 500 manufacturers and suppliers spanning nearly every U.S. state, supports jobs producing thousands of essential parts for the Osprey. This industrial base is vital to maintain American military and economic strength.

U.S. naval capabilities may not reach their full potential without a fast, long-range tiltrotor aircraft like the CMV-22B. Indeed, its ability to support both Fleet and Joint Force operations while enhancing combat capabilities makes it a key asset against emerging threats in contested environments.

The CMV-22’s speed and range are critical as the Navy adapts to distributed maritime operations and develops tactics, techniques, and procedures to meet future threats.

Featured photo: ATLANTIC OCEAN (Sept. 19, 2024) Ð A CMV-22B Osprey, assigned to the “Mighty Bison” of Fleet Logistics Multi-Mission Squadron (VRM) 40, lands on the flight deck of the world’s largest aircraft carrier, USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN 78), Sept. 19, 2024. These carrier landing qualifications are a first for the CMV-22B Osprey on a Ford-class aircraft carrier. USS Gerald R. Ford is underway in the Atlantic Ocean to further develop core unit capabilities during its basic phase of the optimized fleet response plan. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Maxwell Orlosky).

This article was first published by Seapower Magazine and is republished with the author’s permission.

And for the first of two books, we are publishing this year on the tiltrotor enterprise, see the following:

Later this year, we are publishing a companion volume to the one available now.

The King Stallion at WTI 1-25

04/02/2025

U.S. Marines assigned to Marine Aviation Weapons and Tactics Squadron One, Marine Operational Test and Evaluation Squadron One, and 2d Distribution Support Battalion Marines attached to 8th Engineer Support Battalion execute heavy lift of a tractor, rubber-tired, articulated steering, multi-purpose (TRAM) utilizing the CH-53K King Stallion as part of Weapons and Tactics Instructor course 1-25, at Auxiliary Airfield II, near Yuma, Arizona, Oct. 21, 2024.

WTI is a seven-week training event hosted by MAWTS-1 which emphasizes operational integration of the six functions of Marine aviation in support of the Marine Air Ground Task Force, Joint and Coalition Forces.

10.21.2024

Video by Cpl. Nicholas Johnson 

Marine Aviation Weapons and Tactics Squadron-1

European Defence Uptick: The View from the Defense Industries

04/01/2025

By Pierre Tran

Paris – Two European arms companies, KNDS France and MBDA, recently pointed up their hefty investment to boost production of cannon shells, artillery, and missiles, indicating a willingness to anticipate orders, and their access to extensive funds.

The willingness of those two privately held companies to invest in new plant and parts could be seen in contrast to companies listed on the stock exchange showing reluctance to build up weapon stocks until they win government orders.

That commitment to invest among some unlisted companies also shows how prime contractors have own funds and can tap bank loans and capital markets, while small and medium companies in the supply chain have struggled to find working capital, just to keep up with present orders.

State-owned KNDS France invested €600 million ($648 million) to ramp up production of its Caesar artillery and 155 mm 52 caliber shells from summer 2022, in expectation of orders from France and European Allies.

The scale of that €600 million investment by the KNDS French unit can be seen in the light of the KNDS group reporting March 27 2024 sales of €3.8 billion, up from €3.3 billion the previous year; orders of €11.2 billion, up from €7.8 billion; and an order book of €23.5 billion, up from €16 billion.

There was “satisfactory profitability in line with industry expectations,” the KNDS group said in a statement with the financial results.

KNDS is a Franco-German group comprising the family controlled KNDS Deutschland and KNDS France, with the head office in Amsterdam.

On the French unit’s investment of own-funds for the Caesar, contracts for 78 artillery systems eventually landed. Kyiv ordered six of the truck-mounted cannons in September 2023, with allies ordering the remaining 72, the weapons to be shipped to Ukraine in 2024 and early 2025.

MBDA said March last year the missile company would invest €2.4 billion between 2023-2028 to speed up production, in response to calls by France for higher productivity. That planned investment compared to 2024 sales of €4.9 billion, up from €4.5 billion in the previous year; orders of €13.8 billion, up from orders of €9.9 billion; and an order book of €37 billion, up from €28 billion.

MBDA is a private company jointly owned by Airbus, BAE Systems, and Leonardo, which are listed on European stock exchanges. Those parent companies would have had to approve the investment drive of the missile manufacturer, and the expected return.

Contracts First

French listed companies such as Thales have been ready to invest but have been waiting for arms contracts, a defense specialist said. The industrial workplace has lacked financing from the government to tool up.

For privately held companies such as KNDS France, there was a distinct political dynamic. The state ownership of the KNDS France unit might be seen as making it easier for managers to opt for raising production before government orders rolled in.

It remains to be seen whether KNDS’s readiness to build up stocks without orders will continue if the group completed a reported plan to list on the Frankfurt stock exchange, with prospective shareholders looking closely at capital expenditure and return on capital.

Meanwhile, MBDA has called for client nations to pool their orders for missiles.

There was a case to be made for discounts on joint orders, a second specialist said.

The pursuit of new weapons stems from French support for Ukraine in its fight against Russian forces, and a drive to build up low national stocks of arms, made more pressing from  what appears to be the Trump administration’s scorn for European allies.

“Collective buying” in the European Union made sense, Steven Everts, director of the European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS), a think tank, told March 26 the Anglo-American Press Association (AAPA).

The bulk of European spending on arms was at the national level and based on a sovereign decision, he said, but there was a case to be made for buying European-built equipment and on a collective basis.

The European Commission has pledged €1.5 billion for the European Defence Industry Programme (EDIP) for 2025-2027, and there is the European Defence Industrial Strategy (EDIS), both seeking to support companies in the 27 E.U. member states.

“Let’s see how it goes,” he said.

Political Support

A political agenda was set with a June 2022 speech by President Emmanuel Macron at the Eurosatory trade show, when he said the Russian invasion of Ukraine meant France was moving to a war economy.

The armed forces minister, Sébastien Lecornu, followed that up by holding a September 2022 meeting with industry leaders, chiefs of staff, and the head of the DGA procurement office. The minister called on companies to build up stocks of raw material, and companies pledged to speed up deliveries.

However, companies quietly talked of a lack of orders, making the war economy more talk than a bankable walk.

It remained for Bercy, the finance ministry in modern buildings and a helicopter pad on the roof, to find the payment credits to make down-payments, and pay up when deliveries were made. Those payment credits came after authorizations were made, to allow an order to be placed – arguably the easy part.

“There were many statements, but no contracts,” the specialist said, from the industry point of view.

From the government’s view, there was “dialog” with industry to speed up the production cycle, the specialist said. But there was something of a structural problem, with Bercy holding the budget strings, deciding whether “to pay or not to pay.”

That problem stemmed from payment credits in the defense budget already committed to pay for programs under way. Those programs had to be paid for – and the payment credits could not be spent twice.

A shortfall between authorization and payment credits leads to a funding gap.

The significance of credit payments could be seen with Thales executive chairman Patrice Caine pointing up March 4 the importance of arms programs which ran for years over the life of multi-year budget laws. Even when orders related to Ukraine did land, such as a U.K. order worth £1.66 billion for Thales light missiles for Kyiv, they were of relatively little importance compared to the company’s overall order book, he said.

Thales reported a 2024 defense order book of €39 billion.

The 2024 financial results of the leading arms companies, listed and unlisted, showed orders have been made, and order books have hit highs.

But their suppliers are struggling.

New Funding

France has made efforts to raise fresh funds, with the March 20 announcement by the economy minister, Eric Lombard, and Lecornu of new measures to invest in the French defense industrial and technological base.

The ministers launched a €450 million fund, with the state-backed bank Bpifrance offering  the French public a way personally to invest €500 in the arms industry.

Lombard also launched a plan to raise €5 billion from public and private funding, to be invested in the some 4,000 small and medium companies in the military sector, where many owners are struggling with a weak capital base and low cash holdings.

Those companies would need a further €1 billion-€3 billion of equity in the next few years, as France planned to boost spending on arms, he said.
Public investors could invest €1.7 billion of capital, he said, which would be boosted by private investors, to raise up to €5 billion to invest in companies in the arms industry.

That public-private funding for weapons is seen as all the more needed, as the French 2024 public sector budget deficit rose to 5.8 pct of economic output, up from 5.4 pct in 2023. The E.U. ceiling for the deficit is 3 pct.

More generally, rising trade tension from Washington toward the European Union has highlighted a perceived need to boost European industrial capability, with calls for ordering European-built arms rather than U.S. kit.

European stock markets fell sharply March 27 after U.S. president Donald Trump said the day before that the U.S. would charge 25 pct tariffs on imports of foreign cars and car parts.

Credit image: ID 342656814 | Defense © Anna Komisarenko | Dreamstime.com

Transporting Patriot Missiles Bboard MV-22B Osprey

03/31/2025

U.S. Army Soldiers with 1st Battalion, 1st Air Defense Artillery Regiment and U.S. Marines with Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 265, Marine Aircraft Group 36, 1st Marine Aircraft Wing transport Patriot missiles on an MV-22B Osprey from Kadena Air Base to Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, Okinawa, Japan, Nov. 5, 2024.

The prototype loading system was designed to offer a more efficient method of transporting Patriot missiles.

OKINAWA, JAPAN

11.05.2024

Video by Lance Cpl. Thalia Rivera 

1st Marine Aircraft Wing